Which type of crowd is described as being in a state of panic, often losing their ability to reason?

The type of crowd characterized by being in a state of panic and losing their ability to reason is indeed the escape mob. When individuals find themselves in a panic situation, they may act irrationally and prioritize self-preservation over logical decision-making. An escape mob typically forms during emergencies, such as natural disasters or violent incidents, where fear drives people to flee, often in chaotic ways. This panic can result in dangerous situations not only for the individuals within the crowd but also for those around them.

Other types of crowds, such as riot crowds or organized protests, generally do not exhibit the same level of panic-induced loss of reasoning. Riot crowds may engage in aggressive or confrontational behavior, while organized protests typically reflect a unified purpose and collective action rather than chaotic panic. Sympathetic crowds, on the other hand, might share emotional support for a cause, but they do not operate under the same immediate survival instincts that define an escape mob.